Plastic is ubiquitous in the environment, and it lasts forever. Every single plastic item ever manufactured still exists somewhere – on land, in soil, in the ocean, in the stomachs of seabirds, in the tissues of fish and other marine life, and in the bodies of human beings. Plastic residue will persist in the environment for anywhere between hundreds to thousands of years, depending on the type of plastic. Even though plastic is derived from oil, a natural substance formed from the decaying bodies of carbon-rich plants and animals, plastic cannot completely biodegrade, and will fragment into smaller and smaller pieces.

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